Journal: BMC Women's Health

Article Title: Immunohistochemical staining of leptin is associated with grade, stage, lymph node involvement, recurrence, and hormone receptor phenotypes in breast cancer

doi: 10.1186/s12905-017-0459-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Describe the distribution of various clinicopathological variables with leptin immunostaining in breast cancer

Article Snippet: Multimer molecule based scientific knowledge were employed in the immunohistochemistry staining of BC sections to apply anti-leptin rabbit polyclonal antibody with dilution ratio of 1 to 100 [catalog code: sc-842, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), and ULTRAVIEW TM DAB visualizing protocol.

Techniques: Immunostaining, Control

Journal: BMC Women's Health

Article Title: Immunohistochemical staining of leptin is associated with grade, stage, lymph node involvement, recurrence, and hormone receptor phenotypes in breast cancer

doi: 10.1186/s12905-017-0459-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Granular cytoplasmic expression of leptin in breast cancer. a strong positive staining in normal breast tissue (20 X); b negative stained breast cancer (20 X); c strong positive staining in epithelial cells of breast cancer (20 X); d weak positive staining in epithelial cells of breast cancer (20 X); e weak positive staining in fibroadenoma (10 X)

Article Snippet: Multimer molecule based scientific knowledge were employed in the immunohistochemistry staining of BC sections to apply anti-leptin rabbit polyclonal antibody with dilution ratio of 1 to 100 [catalog code: sc-842, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), and ULTRAVIEW TM DAB visualizing protocol.

Techniques: Expressing, Staining

Journal: BMC Women's Health

Article Title: Immunohistochemical staining of leptin is associated with grade, stage, lymph node involvement, recurrence, and hormone receptor phenotypes in breast cancer

doi: 10.1186/s12905-017-0459-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Kaplan Meier survival curves by pattern of leptin immunostaining shows significantly poor survival behavior associated with negative leptin immunostaining in breast cancer

Article Snippet: Multimer molecule based scientific knowledge were employed in the immunohistochemistry staining of BC sections to apply anti-leptin rabbit polyclonal antibody with dilution ratio of 1 to 100 [catalog code: sc-842, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), and ULTRAVIEW TM DAB visualizing protocol.

Techniques: Immunostaining

Journal: BMC Women's Health

Article Title: Immunohistochemical staining of leptin is associated with grade, stage, lymph node involvement, recurrence, and hormone receptor phenotypes in breast cancer

doi: 10.1186/s12905-017-0459-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation between high level of leptin immunoreactivity and clinicopathological parameters in the current study compared to previous studies

Article Snippet: Multimer molecule based scientific knowledge were employed in the immunohistochemistry staining of BC sections to apply anti-leptin rabbit polyclonal antibody with dilution ratio of 1 to 100 [catalog code: sc-842, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), and ULTRAVIEW TM DAB visualizing protocol.

Techniques: Immunostaining, Expressing, Staining, Over Expression

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: BD-2 and BD-3 increase skin flap survival in a model of ischemia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection

doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44153-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Diagram illustrating the experimental groups used in this work. In all groups, flaps were intravascularly injected with a 100-µl solution of recombinant rat Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A that was left to act for 90 min. In the NaCl group, before closing the surgical wounds, one milliliter of a 0.9% sodium chloride solution was instilled under the flap into the vicinity of the silicone catheter segments. In the PA group, one milliliter of a 0.9% sodium chloride solution containing 10 5 CFU Pseudomonas aeruginosa was instilled under the flap into the vicinity of the silicone catheter segments. In the GFP, BD-2, BD-3 and BD-2 + BD-3 groups, besides the procedure described for the PA group, a solution containing a lentivirus coding for Green fluorescent protein, human β-defensin 2, human β-defensin 3 and human β-defensins 2 and 3 was injected in the flap’s vessels, respectively.

Article Snippet: The following primary monoclonal antibodies were used at 37 °C: anti-BD-2 (β-defensin 4 (L13-10-D1): sc-59496; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, inc.®) [1:50] for 40 min; and anti-BD-3 (BD-3 human (SRP4524), Sigma Aldrich®) [1:2], for 32 min. Amplification was accomplished with the UltraView Universal HRP Multimer (Ventana®, Roche®) for 8 min.

Techniques: Injection, Recombinant

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: BD-2 and BD-3 increase skin flap survival in a model of ischemia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection

doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44153-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Diagram illustrating the main steps in the production of the rodent model of ischemia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection associated with a foreign body, lentiviral delivery of antimicrobial peptides, and evaluation of tissue necrosis. ( A ) Plasmid production by using transformed Escherichia coli ( E . coli ). ( B ) Lentivirus construction using HEK293FT cells. From (C1) to (C7) the steps involved in the production of a model of foreign body infection associated with an ischemic fasciocutaneous flap are depicted. ( D ) Flap biopsies were collected on the third and seventh day postoperatively to quantify bacteria. ( E ) Flap survival and perfusion was assessed by clinical inspection (E1) and with resort to direct infrared thermography (E2) and to histological analysis ( F ). ( G ) Bacterial numbers and distribution on the surface of foreign bodies retrieved 7 days postoperatively were determined using scanning electron microscopy. ( H ) Flap transduction with the human β-defensin 2 (BD-2) and/or β-defensin 3 (BD-3) genes was evaluated by immunohistochemical evaluation of flap biopsies 3 and 7 days after surgery. VEGF, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor.

Article Snippet: The following primary monoclonal antibodies were used at 37 °C: anti-BD-2 (β-defensin 4 (L13-10-D1): sc-59496; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, inc.®) [1:50] for 40 min; and anti-BD-3 (BD-3 human (SRP4524), Sigma Aldrich®) [1:2], for 32 min. Amplification was accomplished with the UltraView Universal HRP Multimer (Ventana®, Roche®) for 8 min.

Techniques: Infection, Plasmid Preparation, Transformation Assay, Electron Microscopy, Transduction, Immunohistochemical staining

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: BD-2 and BD-3 increase skin flap survival in a model of ischemia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection

doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44153-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Confirmation of flap transduction. ( A to D ) Typical fluorescence image photographs of the skin and hypodermis of the flap of a rat transduced with a Green Fluorescent Protein coding lentivirus (LV-GFP) and those of the flap of a non-transduced rat (Control) seven days after surgery. These photographs demonstrate transduction of flaps by the virus. Calibration bar = 100 µm ( E ). Analysis of the BD-2 and BD-3 mRNA expression in rat flaps. Box plots represent the relative mRNA expression level of human β-defensins 2 and 3 (BD-2 and 3) analyzed in transduced flaps (BD-2, BD-3 and BD-2 + BD-3) compared to non-transduced flaps on the seventh post-operative day relatively to the expression of the β-actin in these flaps using real-time PCR. The relative mRNA levels of each gene are expressed as the percentage of the β-actin mRNA levels. Flaps transduced with BD-2 include the BD-2 and the BD-2 + BD-3 groups. Similarly, flaps transduced with BD-3 include the BD-3 and the BD-2 + BD-3 groups. Horizontal lines in the upper portion of the figure indicate statistically significant differences between groups (p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The following primary monoclonal antibodies were used at 37 °C: anti-BD-2 (β-defensin 4 (L13-10-D1): sc-59496; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, inc.®) [1:50] for 40 min; and anti-BD-3 (BD-3 human (SRP4524), Sigma Aldrich®) [1:2], for 32 min. Amplification was accomplished with the UltraView Universal HRP Multimer (Ventana®, Roche®) for 8 min.

Techniques: Transduction, Fluorescence, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: BD-2 and BD-3 increase skin flap survival in a model of ischemia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection

doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44153-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Typical macroscopic and microscopic features of flaps in the different experimental groups. Macroscopic images were taken on the third day post-operatively (D3 Post-op), and seven days post-operatively (D7 Post-op). Microscopic images were taken with immunohistochemical staining with anti-BD-2 (BD-2 IH), or anti-BD-3 (BD-3 IH) antibodies of flap biopsies performed on the seventh day after the surgery. Scanning electron microscopy images (SEM) of the surface of catheters were taken at 750X or 7500X amplification. Figures ( Y to D’) show the typical aspect of leucocytes on the surface of foreign bodies. In figures (E’ to J’) the characteristic features of bacteria on the surface of foreign bodies using the magnifications employed for counting purposes are illustrated. Calibration bar = 100 µm ( M , N , P – T , V – X ); 25 µm ( O , U ); 10 µm ( Y –D’); 1 µm (E’–J’).

Article Snippet: The following primary monoclonal antibodies were used at 37 °C: anti-BD-2 (β-defensin 4 (L13-10-D1): sc-59496; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, inc.®) [1:50] for 40 min; and anti-BD-3 (BD-3 human (SRP4524), Sigma Aldrich®) [1:2], for 32 min. Amplification was accomplished with the UltraView Universal HRP Multimer (Ventana®, Roche®) for 8 min.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Electron Microscopy, Amplification